Polystichum aculeatum
Hard Shield Fern
Also known as: Aetopteron aculeatum (L.) House +19 more
- Aetopteron aculeatum (L.) House
- Aspidium aculeatum (L.) Sw.
- Aspidium aculeatum f. plukenetii (Loisel.) Döll
- Aspidium aculeatum f. rotundatum Döll
- Aspidium aculeatum f. simplicius Lindm.
- Aspidium aculeatum f. typica Stuck.
- Aspidium aculeatum f. umbraticum (Kuntze) Döll
- Aspidium aculeatum subsp. lobatum (Huds.) Celak.
- Aspidium aculeatum subsp. lobatum (Huds.) Mett.
- Aspidium aculeatum subsp. lobatum (Huds.) Milde
- Aspidium aculeatum subsp. lobatum (Huds.) Niessl
- Aspidium aculeatum var. aristatum Christ
- Aspidium aculeatum var. cambricum Gray
- Aspidium aculeatum var. intermedium Bellynck
- Aspidium aculeatum var. lobatum (Huds.) Hampe
- Aspidium aculeatum var. lobatum (Huds.) Warnst.
- Aspidium aculeatum var. longilobum Milde
- Aspidium aculeatum var. muscosum Gray
- Aspidium aculeatum var. plukenetii (Loisel.) Bellynck
- Aspidium aculeatum var. plukenetii (Loisel.) Rouy
Botanical Data
- Taxonomic Rank: Species
- Botanical Family: Polypodiaceae
- WCVP Morphological Data: Recorded natively as a perennial.
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Found natively in Africa, Temperate Asia, Tropical Asia, and Europe, Polystichum aculeatum (commonly known as Hard Shield-Fern) is a fern belonging to the Polypodiaceae family. Within its native range, this species is most commonly linked to temperate conditions.
Macro Climate
Temperate
Plant Type
Fern
Plant Type
Herbaceous Perennial
Native Range
Continents (WGSRPD)
AFRICA, ASIA-TEMPERATE, ASIA-TROPICAL, EUROPE
Regions (WGSRPD)
Caucasus, China, Eastern Europe, Indian Subcontinent, Macaronesia, Middle Asia, Middle Europe, Northern Africa, Northern Europe, Siberia, Southeastern Europe, Southwestern Europe, Western Asia
Botanical Countries (WGSRPD L3)
Albania, Algeria, Altay, Austria, Baltic States, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Central European Russia, Corse, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, Madeira, Morocco, Netherlands, North Caucasus, Northwest European Russia, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sardegna, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Ukraine, West Himalaya, Xinjiang, Yugoslavia
Introduced Range
An “Introduced” distribution indicates that the plant is recorded outside its native range in that region as a result of deliberate or accidental human introduction. Introduced records may include casual, naturalized or invasive populations, but do not include plants that are only cultivated or planted without self-sustaining populations.
Botanical Countries (Non-Native)
Vanuatu